Bake at 400 degrees F., for 45 minutes.
QUESTIONS
Explain why it is necessary to have the fire box, ash pan, and other parts of a coal range clean before building a fire.
If both hard and soft woods are used in building a fire, which should be placed next to the paper? Explain your answer.
What is the advantage in using oil rather than blacking in cleaning a range?
Explain why a stove cloth, saturated with oil, should be kept in a covered tin can or stone jar.
Compare the method of mixing the crumbs in Scalloped Tomatoes and in Scalloped Corn. Which contains the more moisture,--corn or tomatoes? From this explain the difference in mixing.
What is the price of 12 ears of green corn or of 1 can of corn?
LESSON V
GAS RANGES--SCALLOPED FRUIT
EXAMINATION OF A GAS BURNER.--Inspect a gas burner and find the following parts: (a) Supply pipe. (b) Stopcock. (c) Burner. (d) Mixer (see Figure 12).
To light a gas burner, observe the following directions, and in the order named: (a) Strike the match. (b) Turn the stopcock. (c) Apply the match to the open burner. (d) If necessary, regulate the stopcock and mixer, so that the flame is blue in color.
[Illustration: Courtesy of Clark Stove Co FIGURE 12.--GAS BURNER SHOWING MIXER]
EXPERIMENT 6: THE REGULATION AND PURPOSE OF A GAS MIXER.--Light a gas burner and then completely close the mixer of the burner. If the mixer is stationary, it may be closed by wrapping a piece of paper about it. What is the color of the flame? Now open the mixer. What is the color of the flame? What substance has been "mixed" with the gas by opening the burner? What is the purpose of the mixer?
EXAMINATION OF A GAS RANGE.--Inspect a gas range and find the following parts: (a) Top burners--regular, giant and simmering (see Figure 13). (b) Stopcocks of top burners. (c) Oven burners. (d) Stopcocks of oven burners. (e) Pilot (if there is one). (f) Baking oven. (g) Broiling oven. (h) Warming oven and its burner (if there is one). (i) Supply pipe. (j) Stovepipe.
The method of lighting oven burners varies in different ranges, and for this reason it is impossible to give directions for lighting which will apply to all oven burners. There is, however, one important direction that should always be borne in mind. Always open the oven door before lighting the oven burners. If such caution is not observed, the gas may escape into the oven and cause an explosion. In case there is a pilot- lighter, open the oven door and see that the oven burners are turned off before lighting the pilot.
[Illustration: Courtesy of Clark Stove Co FIGURE 13--GAS BURNERS A, giant, B, regular, C, simmering]
ADJUSTING A GAS BURNER.--The products of combustion of fuel gas that most interest the housekeeper are carbon and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is not a poisonous gas, but it does not support animal life. Air containing much carbon dioxide does not contain enough oxygen for perfect respiration, hence the need of an outlet for the products of combustion of a gas stove; good flue construction is quite as necessary for a gas range as for a coal range (see Figure 14).
When gas burns with a yellow flame, it deposits soot on cooking utensils and does not give as much heat as it should. This is caused by incomplete combustion. Moreover, carbon monoxide, which is present in some gas, may escape without burning. This is an exceedingly poisonous gas and when inhaled even in small quantities may cause serious effects. Hence it is specially necessary for a housewife to see that the gas burner is clean, well regulated, and properly constructed, so that sufficient air can mix with the gas to produce a blue flame.
CONSERVING GAS.--According to authoritative information, [Footnote 8: United States Fuel Administration Bulletin, "Use and Conservation of Natural Gas"] "the demands for natural gas are now greater than the available supply. Food and trees can be grown. Water supplies are constantly replenished by nature, but there is no regeneration in natural gas." It is thought that natural gas forms so slowly that millions of years will be required to make the present concentrated supply.